MISCELLANEOUS

Maria Helena L. Souza, CCP (Br)

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QUESTIONS

1. The ACT can be influenced by all of the following, except:

hypothermia
hemodilution
thrombocytopenia
aprotinin
acidosis

2. Heparin resistance is best treated by administering:

platelets
fibrinogen
thrombin
AT-III

3. During CPB, low venous return can be caused by:

malpositioned venous cannulae
low blood volume
small diameter venous cannulae
high reservoir venous inlet
all of the above

4. The last organ to achieve full development after birth is:

liver
brain
kidney
myocardium
spleen

5. A congenital heart disease characterized by the existance of a single semilunar valve is Truncus Arteriosus.

true
false

6. Oxygen consumption (VO2) is controlled by tissue metabolism, hence it is decreased by rest, paralysis and hypothermia; on the other side it is increased by muscular activity, infection, hyperthermia, and high levels os cathecolamine and thyroid hormones.

true
false

7. What cardiac defect must be present in transposition of the great arteries to offer the best survival during the first few months of life ?

ASD
VSD
PDA
All of the above
None of the above

8. What has contributed most effectively to improve the results of intracardiac correction at the neonatal age ?

low prime oxygenators
better perfusion management
modified ultrafiltration
all of the above

9. The normal level of plasma fibrinogen is approximately:

50 mg/dl
140 mg/dl
300 mg/dl
400 mg/dl
500 mg/dl

10. The most common cannulation to perform venovenous ECMO is internal jugular vein and femoral vein.

true
false

11. Universal blood donor is an individual:

AB+
AB-
O+
O-
B-

12. There should be no serious doubt that clinically significant protein damage occurs in all oxygenators, except the true membrane type.

true
false

13. PGE1 is commonly administered to neonates in order to avoid:

vasoconstriction
vasodilation
closure of VSD
closure of PDA
renal shutdown

14. Immediately after discontinuing CPB ventricular arrhythmias are best treated by:

furosemide
ephedrine
lidocaine
quinidine
none of the above

15. Among the following drugs, the most effective in the treatment of cerebral edema is:

furosemide
mannitol
thiopental
thiazides
dextran

16. Evidence of platelet activation during cardiopulmonary bypass is confirmed by studies showing release of platelet factor IV and significant release of thromboxane into the circulation.

true
false

17. Correction of a VSD is best indicated after the shunt becomes right to left.

true
false

18. Neutrophils make up what percentage of leukocytes ?

32
42
52
62
72

19. Blood as the vehicle for cardioplegia is associated with the name of:

Levitsky
Buckberg
Hearse
Ebert
Bretschneider

20. During CPB, free hemoglobin is excreted by the kidneys when the plasma concentration usually reaches:

50 mg%
100 mg%
150 mg%
200 mg%
250 mg%

C.E.Quiz is dedicated to the Continuing Education in Extracorporeal Technology.

Your comments on C.E. Quiz are appreciated. Please contact: Maria Helena L. Souza