MISCELLANEOUS QUIZ

Vladimir Aronsky, CCP

Contact the author: Vladimir Aronsky

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QUESTIONS

1. Following mechanical valve implantation the International Normalized Ratio (INR), should be maintained at the following levels:

0.5 - 1.0
1.0 - 1.5
2.0 - 3.5
4.0 - 5.0

2. The first commercially available bovine pericardial valves were known as:

Ionescu-Shiley
Carpentier-Edwards
Hancock
St. Jude

3. The Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) refers to the passage of the following by the glomerulus:

blood cells, electrolytes
large proteins, electrolytes
large proteins, water
water, electrolytes

4. Heterograft refers to the following type of transplant ____ and is also known as ____.

same species, autograft
same species, xenograft
different species, autograft
different species, xenograft

5. Which of the following refers to the correct types of Aortic Stenosis (AS):

valvular, supravalvular, perivalvular
valvular, perivalvular, supravalvular
valvular, supravalvular, subvalvular
valvular, intravaulvular, supravallvular

6. Aortic Stenosis involves the following type of hypertrophy:

eccentric hypertrophy
concentric hypertrophy
central hypertrophy
supraconcentric hypertrophy

7. Parvus et tardus is a significant finding in the following type of valvular disease referring to a delayed upstroke of the carotid arterial pulse.

Aortic Insufficiency
Aortic Stenosis
Mitral Insufficiency
Mitral Stenosis
Edward

8. Which of the following diseases may be the cause of Aortic Regurgitation.

AIDS
Syphilis
Meningitis
Hepatitis

9. Severe aortic regurgitation results in a rapid increase in which of the following:

LV systolic pressure
LV diastolic pressure
PA diastolic pressure
CVP

10. Which of the following agents are classified as loop diuretics:

furosemide, bumetanide, amiloride
chlorothiazide, ethacrynic acid, amiloride
furosemide, bumetanide, ethacrynic acid
chlorothiazide, bumetanide, ethacrynic acid

11. What is the most visible structure seen upon performing median sternotomy?

RA
RV
LA
LV

12. Which of the following structures is known as the natural pacemaker of the heart?

AV node
SA node
DDD pacer
adrenalin

13. Platelets are ___ disks with a diameter of ___ microns.

biconcave, 2-4 microns
biconcave, 1-2 microns
convex, 4-6 microns
convex, 6-8 microns

14. The universal blood type is:

A neg
AB pos
O pos
O neg

15. What is the end result of blood clotting?

Prothrombin
Thrombin
Fibrin
Fibrinogen

16. Which of the following is not recommended in case of massive air embolism.

Placing the patient in deep trendelenberg position
Compressing carotid arteries
Keeping perfusion pressure low
Administering steroids

17. The following drug is used to reverse anesthesia induced malignant hyperthermia.

Furosemide
Dantrium
Propofol
Fentanyl

18. For each reduction by 1 degree celsius the pCO2 is:

increased by 4.4%
decreased by 4.4%
increased by 30%
Abiomed
decreased by 30%

19. Intra Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP) should be inflated at a point known as dicrotic notch which represents:

opening of the aortic valve
closure of the aortic valve
opening of the mitral valve
closure of the mitral valve

20. Intra Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP) is deflated:

immediately after systole
at the dicrotic notch
long-term replacement
just prior to systole
at the closure of the aortic valve

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